Change in the direct cost of treatment for children and adolescents with hyperkinetic disorder in Germany over a period of four years

BACKGROUND In many developed countries, the treatment of hyperkinetic disorder (or ADHD) consumes a considerable amount of resources. The primary aim of this study was to determine change in the direct cost of treatment for children and adolescents with hyperkinetic disorder in Germany over time, and compare the cost with the cost of treatment for two physical disorders: epilepsy and asthma. METHODS The German Federal Statistical Office provided data on the direct cost of treating hyperkinetic disorder, epilepsy and asthma in Germany for 2002, 2004, and 2006. The direct costs of treatment incurred by hyperkinetic disorder in these years were compared with those incurred by epilepsy and asthma. RESULTS The total direct cost of treatment for the hyperkinetic disorder was euro 177 million in 2002, euro 234 million in 2004, and euro 341 million in 2006. The largest proportion of the cost was incurred by the age group < 15 years: euro 158 million in 2002, euro 205 million in 2004, and euro 287 million in 2006. The direct cost of treatment for epilepsy in this age group was a total of euro 157 million in 2002, euro 155 million in 2004, and euro 155 million in 2006. For asthma, the total direct cost of treatment in this age group was euro 266 million in 2002, euro 257 million in 2004, and euro 272 million in 2006. CONCLUSION The direct cost of treatment for hyperkinetic disorder in the age group < 15 years increased considerably between 2002 and 2006. Over the same period of time and for the same age group, expenditure for epilepsy and asthma was more or less constant. The increase in expenditure for the treatment of hyperkinetic disorder may be due to increasing demand for diagnostic and therapeutic services and improved availability of such services. The study is limited by the difficulty of obtaining consistent data on the direct cost of treatment for both physical and psychiatric disorders in Germany.